Climate Risk Summary
Grand Forks AFB, ND Risk Profile
The primary drivers of climate-related financial risk in Grand Forks AFB, ND are Inland Flooding, Tornado, and Hail. This area also faces an unusually high intensity for Ice Storm and Winter Weather compared to national averages.
Based on FEMA EAL and hazard intensity.
Metrics indicate a balanced risk-to-premium environment with standard renewal rates.
Primary Risks
Inland Flooding
Expected Annual Loss for Grand Forks AFB
Very Low compared to US average
Tornado
Expected Annual Loss for Grand Forks AFB
Relatively Moderate compared to US average
Hail
Expected Annual Loss for Grand Forks AFB
Relatively Moderate compared to US average
Spatial Analysis
Flood Plain Analysis
Localized Flood Dynamics in Grand Forks AFB
FEMA Flood Maps for Grand Forks AFB identify the "100-year" and "500-year" floodplains (1% and 0.2% annual chance), but modern climate risk analysis suggests that nearly 25% of flood insurance claims originate from properties outside of these designated high-risk zones.
Financial Risk Inventory
Recommended Mitigation Strategies
Recommended investments to protect your property value and reduce insurance liability based on your local risk profile.
Tornado Mitigation
Reinforce garage doors and consider a FEMA-approved safe room or storm cellar.
Hail Mitigation
Replace roof with Class 4 impact-resistant shingles to significantly lower insurance premiums.
Ice Storm Mitigation
Install a 10kWh backup battery system to keep pipes from freezing during grid failure.
Winter Weather Mitigation
General property maintenance and insurance review recommended.
Strong Wind Mitigation
Trim large trees back from the roofline and reinforce roof-to-wall connectors (hurricane straps).
Wildfire Mitigation
Create a 5ft 'non-combustible' zone around your home using gravel or pavers instead of mulch.
Drought Mitigation
General property maintenance and insurance review recommended.
Sources and Methodology
Spatial Climate Risk Modeling
The Expected Annual Loss (EAL) and hazard risk scores are derived from the FEMA NRI zip code dataset using a population-weighted spatial join. Because Zip Codes and Census Tracts do not share perfectly aligned boundaries, we utilize US Census Block Group population centroids to identify where residents actually live.
Financial & Insurance Metrics
The pysical resilence score is calculated by synthesizing Expected Annual Loss (EAL) against the total building replacement value within a jurisdiction. This creates a "Loss Ratio" that measures physical resilience. We supplement this with ZIP-code level data from the U.S. Treasury's Federal Insurance Office (FIO), monitoring trends in premium growth, loss ratios, and policy non-renewals to identify emerging "Insurance Deserts."
Primary Data Sources
- FEMA National Flood Hazard LayerHigh-resolution vector data for 100-year and 500-year flood zones.
- U.S. Department of the TreasuryFIO ZIP-code level insurance data (2018–2022 Historical Set).
- FEMA National Risk IndexBaseline hazard frequency and economic loss data (v1.20.0).
- U.S. Census BureauTIGER/Line 2025 Shapefiles & Decennial Population Statistics.