Climate Risk Summary
Pupukea, HI Risk Profile
The primary drivers of climate-related financial risk in Pupukea, HI are Inland Flooding, Tsunami, and Wildfire. This area also faces an unusually high intensity for Lightning and Landslide compared to national averages.
City-Wide Aggregation
These scores represent the population-weighted average across all residential blocks in Pupukea.
Primary Risks
Inland Flooding
Expected Annual Loss for Pupukea
Relatively Low compared to US average
Tsunami
Expected Annual Loss for Pupukea
Relatively Moderate compared to US average
Wildfire
Expected Annual Loss for Pupukea
Relatively High compared to US average
City Boundary
Financial Risk Inventory
Recommended investments to protect your property value and reduce insurance liability based on your local risk profile.
Tsunami Mitigation
General property maintenance and insurance review recommended.
Wildfire Mitigation
Create a 5ft 'non-combustible' zone around your home using gravel or pavers instead of mulch.
Earthquake Mitigation
General property maintenance and insurance review recommended.
Lightning Mitigation
General property maintenance and insurance review recommended.
Landslide Mitigation
Professional slope stabilization and foundation drainage inspection is highly recommended.
Coastal Flooding Mitigation
General property maintenance and insurance review recommended.
Sources and Methodology
Spatial Aggregation
Our "Atlas" risk scores are derived using a population-weighted spatial join. Because US Zip Codes and Census Tracts do not share perfectly aligned boundaries, a simple geographic average would be misleading. We utilize US Census Block Group population statistics to identify where residents actually live within a Zip Code. We then intersect these points with FEMA National Risk Index (NRI) hazard data to calculate a weighted exposure score.
Financial Projections (EAL)
Expected Annual Loss (EAL) estimates the average economic impact of natural hazards in dollars per year. This calculation incorporates three components: Exposure (the value of structures and agriculture), Annualized Frequency (historical probability), and Historic Loss Ratio (vulnerability of the area).
Primary Data Sources
- FEMA National Risk IndexHazard frequency and loss data (v1.20.0)
- U.S. Census BureauTIGER/Line 2025 Shapefiles & Decennial Population